Politics is still an uneven playing field for women
Politics is still an uneven playing – Recent research on women’s engagement in Bangladesh’s political arena reveals persistent challenges that have long concerned equality advocates. The analysis highlights how systemic and cultural factors collectively hinder women’s advancement, despite efforts to promote inclusivity.
Structural and Social Obstacles
Women face a complex web of barriers, including deep-rooted patriarchal norms, financial limitations, and the expectation of prioritizing family duties. These challenges are compounded by the prevalence of physical, sexual, and technology-driven violence, which threatens their safety both online and offline. The study, conducted by BRAC Institute of Governance and Development (BIGD) with support from the United Nations Electoral Assistance Programme (DRIP/BALLOT), identifies these issues as critical to women’s ability to participate effectively in politics.
Underreported Violence in Politics
One significant finding is the underreporting of violence against women in politics (VAWP). The research notes that in Bangladesh, this form of violence is not even officially recognized in legal frameworks or data systems. Women often hesitate to report incidents due to fears of retaliation, concerns about being sidelined, and distrust in their parties’ ability to address the problem. This is especially true because perpetrators are not always from opposing factions; many come from within the same political party.
At the grassroots level, where political fortunes are often shaped by internal conflicts, women encounter disproportionate challenges. Without strong familial ties or a willingness to endure substantial personal sacrifices, their opportunities for influence remain limited. Additionally, the absence of formal mechanisms to report such violence exacerbates the issue, leaving women vulnerable in multiple arenas.
Law and Cultural Shifts
While legal measures, such as the 33 percent female representation mandate in political party committees under the Representation of the People Order (RPO), are in place, they are frequently underutilized. The study emphasizes that societal attitudes—particularly those perpetuated through social media—play a key role in sustaining misogynistic practices. Even elected officials and reserved-seat members of parliament are frequently targeted, underscoring the need for a cultural transformation.
Immediate steps can be taken to improve the situation. Political parties, the government, and the Election Commission are urged to implement transparent membership processes and create complaint mechanisms aligned with the 2009 High Court ruling. A collective commitment from all legislators to foster harassment-free environments, both in parliamentary settings and within their constituencies, could significantly boost women’s political involvement.
The question for lawmakers should not focus on the necessity of equal participation but rather on the reasons for its continued absence. Addressing these systemic issues requires a multifaceted approach that combines legal reforms with broader societal change. Only then can the political landscape become more equitable for women.
